A recent paper by Duke Health AI Evaluation & Governance Program's Nicoleta Economou, PhD, and University of Pennsylvania’s Lee Fleisher, MD, published in JAMA Health Forum, highlights the potential of AI to revolutionize healthcare decision-making by improving diagnosis and treatment, especially for rare diseases. Titled ‘AI can be regulated using current patient safety procedures and infrastructure in hospitals,’ the paper also underlines risks such as misdiagnoses and medical errors if AI is not properly tested, updated, and integrated into clinical practice. The authors emphasize the need for transparency, accountability, and continuous improvement in AI governance to protect patient safety. They urge hospitals to develop detailed policies for AI use, including qualifications and monitoring responsibilities.